The Gila River flows through the almost 600-square-mile Gila River Indian Community and it irrigates fields of wheat, corn, beans, pumpkins, watermelon, squash and other crops. Conflicts with other tribes forced the Piipaash to travel east along the Gila River, and they eventually joined together with the Akimel O’odham to become successful farmers. ![]() ![]() The Piipaash once lived along the Colorado River in small groups. Historically, the Akimel O’odham People called themselves the Huhugam, and that name is reflected in the Tribe’s Huhugam Heritage Center. Created in 1859 and federally established in 1939, the community is composed of members of the Akimel O’odham (Pima) and Maricopa (in Xalychidom Piipaash, “People Who Live Toward the Water”), two different groups who joined together for farming and mutual defense in the 1840s. Located along Phoenix’s southern city limit, the Gila River Indian Community has a tribal membership of more than 11,000 people.
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